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Science

Yes, Science Has Found Bacteria That Makes 24-Carat Gold

Oct. 4, 2012 3:30pm Liz Klimas

A team at Michigan State University has landed on a gold mine — albeit on the micro scale.

They call it “microbial alchemy.” Using the extremophile bacteria Cupriavidus metallidurans — a microbe that can grow in harsh, metallic environments – Kazem Kashefi, assistant professor of microbiology and molecular genetics, and Adam Brown, associate professor of electronic art and intermedia, have found that it can produce 24-carat, nearly 99.9 percent, pure gold.

Michigan State University Researchers Find Bacteria That Transforms Toxic Liquid Gold to 24 Carat Usable Metal

Gold bits produced by the bacteria. (Photo: G.L. Kohuth via MSU.edu)

In a statement about the findings from the university, Kashefi said they are literally “transforming gold from something that has no value into a solid, precious metal that’s valuable.”

The men gave the bacteria “unprecedented amounts” of gold chloride, which is a toxic chemical compound, and found not only do the microbes thrive on it, but they can produce gold in a relatively quick manner.

Bacteria cultured in toxic liquid gold compound produce usable flecks of solid, 24-carat gold. (Photo: G.L. Kohuth via MSU.edu)

In fact, the team created an art installation — The Great Work of the Metal Lover — that includes a portable laboratory (made of course from gold-plated hardware) that can make the gold in front of audiences.

“This is neo-alchemy. Every part, every detail of the project is a cross between modern microbiology and alchemy,” Brown said in a statement. “Science tries to explain the phenomenological world. As an artist, I’m trying to create a phenomenon. Art has the ability to push scientific inquiry.”

Unfortunately, the gold-producing bacteria are not going to solve economic crisis or make the men rich. Only producing a gold nugget in a week, bringing operations to a larger-scale production is not cost-effective. The university news release also states that the researchers have questions about the ethics of their findings as it relates to “greed, economy and environmental impact.”

This story has been updated since its original posting.

(H/T: Gizmodo)

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Comments (94)

RobArtRees
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 6:41pm
Typical garbage reportage:
Gold salts in
Bacteria acts as reagent to separate gold
Gold metal out
Nothing created; nothing destroy.

Interesting, but these guys would be better served working on a perpetual motion machine, or paper cup cold fusion.

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- antiprogressive
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 7:18pm
  5 grams of pure gold in a 5% solution of gold chloride can be bought for 450 BUCKS.
  1 troy ounce of gold is 31 grams.
  6 times 450 = $2700 to buy that much gold chloride.
  
  You can buy the real thing ready made for 1800.
  
  not exactly a massive money maker but a somewhat interesting read…
  
  Report this comment
- Pontiac
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 7:32pm
  [Yes, Science Has Found a Bacteria That Makes 24-Carat Gold]
  Makes?
  
  [The men gave the bacteria “unprecedented amounts” of gold chloride,]
  Gee um…You don’t suppose the gold came from the gold chloride do you?
  
  [Every part, every detail of the project is a cross between modern microbiology and alchemy]
  Alchemy?
  
  [Unfortunately, the gold-producing bacteria is not going to solve economic crisis or make the men rich.]
  You don’t say?
  
  Blimey… The intent must of been to overexcite laymen.
  
  Report this comment
- ET43
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 8:20pm
  A bacteriathat makes an Element? Oh and that element is gold!…I’m going to call ********* right away. Great “science” at work here….sounds like something they might market towards Obama supporters.
  
  Report this comment
- Wolfgang the Gray
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 10:46pm
  Remember what happened to King Midas? He starved to death.
  
  Report this comment
- ObamaForward_OverTheCliff
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 11:08pm
  RobArtRees – “Typical garbage reportage: Gold salts in, Bacteria acts as reagent to separate gold, Gold metal out, Nothing created”
  
  I was always wondering what to do with all my “gold chloride”. Now I know! I gonna get those little suckers started for some Burger King money!
  
  Report this comment
- Jive Mickey
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 11:42pm
  Antiprogressive, Pontiac: My sediments (sic) exactly.
  Give them a lump of coal or a bucket of rusty nails and have them produce Gold and then I’ll be impressed.
  
  Report this comment
- Bludstorm
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 12:03am
  This is great. Bacteria eats a solution with gold in it and it poops out gold.
  
  If I eat a Baby Ruth Candy bar… guess what happens later?
  
  Peanuts!!!
  
  It’s magic…
  
  Report this comment
- N37BU6
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 9:38am
  Pontiac: it’s “have”, not “of”.
  
  Report this comment
- shogun459
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 9:45am
  Nothing new here. Gold Chloride is still gold all the bacteria does is seperate it from the Chlorine.
  Might be usfull in mining, where part of the Gold recovery process where Chlorine gas is used to seperate Gold from solution, leaving Gold Chloride. But there is a cheaper way that we did it. Sorry but you’ll have to look that up.
  
  Report this comment
- doomngloombuttrue
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 6:42pm
  What are you, a spy? How do you know about my paper cup cold fusion device? My Starbucks Venti-sized cup is currently producing a steady 25Kw (true, there is a deadly neutron stream, but if you can’t stand the heat get out of the containment vessel).
  
  Report this comment
- steve5150
  Posted on October 6, 2012 at 9:57am
  This find is nothing! I have geneticly altered my dog so he craps gold American eagles. If I feed him knockwurst I get krugerrands. So those two phonys know what you can do with their bacteria.
  
  Report this comment
- RWCT
  Posted on October 6, 2012 at 1:42pm
  I already possess a perpetual motion machine[my wife]. As fas as the bacteria, maybe they could be put on ‘roids?
  
  Report this comment
- AKAknowitall
  Posted on October 6, 2012 at 10:01pm
  Actually, there is a significant, essentially free, source of gold chloride in seawater. A cubic kilometer could potentially yield 6 kilograms of pure gold. Setting up a solar powered pump to move seawater into holding tanks containing a slurry of a bunch of little hungry microbes and then cleaning up their golden dropping sound like a great business opportunity. All that’s needed is some startup capital-oops almost forget, the banks aren’t loaning money for anything except Obomber projects. Oh well may as well just make beer, uses the same principles, and is cheaper to set up.
  
  Report this comment
toto
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 6:36pm
I’d be okay with a nugget a week. Makes me want to take chemistry again.

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- chips1
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 8:32pm
  Al Gore is trying to do the same thing, only he uses corn. Iowa is thrilled.
  
  Report this comment
South Philly Boy
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 6:22pm
I hope these guys VALUE THEIR LIFE

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Maxim Crux
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 6:12pm
If this was true…Aliens would just steal the bacteria and grow their own gold rather than use their cattle to extract it out of the ground for them.

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- thx1138v2
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 11:03pm
  Maybe they like raising cattle for the entertainment value.
  
  Report this comment
- RRFlyer
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 9:59am
  idiot, the cattle are used in their porn industry
  
  Report this comment
- stumpy68
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 10:58am
  RRFlyer
  
  I think your thinking of reality tv
  
  Report this comment
Jaycen
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 5:38pm
It’s not “alchemy”. Alchemists were trying to turn lead into gold. Both are pure elements, and one cannot become the other. This is “extracting” gold from a compound. You might also call it “refining”, I suppose.

Oh, and the statement about ethical questions is moronic. Find out how many of those people are trying to get rich on their ideas and then shove their statement where the sun doesn’t shine.

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- Twobyfour
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 6:31pm
  Yep. Transmutation is a physical reaction, while this is a typical chemical reaction — the bacteria don’t use other metallic salts to produce gold, the gold has to be there in the first place in one form or another.
  
  Report this comment
- Chuck Stein
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 2:11am
  It is often said that gold can be made by transmutation (by neutron bombardment), but that you have to start with platinum to get gold ( a crummy deal, economically speaking). It would take around (there are 6 stable isotopes of Platinum) 2 neutrons to transmute Platinum to Gold.
  BUT — there is a better way, the lightest stable isotope of Mercury (with a huge thermal neutron capture cross-section of 3000 barns) will transmute to gold with a single neutron capture.
  
  I just know everyong wanted to know that and I just had to share.
  
  Report this comment
- chips1
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 8:41pm
  I’m Panning this story.
  
  Report this comment
Nigel2
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 5:24pm
I Know a gentleman named John who was a Biologist for the Government that wrote a white paper on this 20 years ago. I forget what the gold was growing on. I think it was Lichen of some type.

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erroneous
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 5:20pm
take some gold(III)chloride and some Na OH (drain cleaner) heat and booom you get solid gold…. This is stupid

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RobertSailing
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 5:18pm
This is cool trick. Please remember the University of Utah, a research institute of higher education and member of the Pac 10+2 developed cold fusion and that changed the world.

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- Nigel2
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 5:27pm
  Changed the world? Well it might if they can ever get it to work on a cost effective scale. The way I understand it, the reaction lasted for a fraction of a second and only registered enough energy to light a small L.E.D
  
  Report this comment
- chips1
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 8:48pm
  When a cartoon character get an idea, he lights up a large 60 watt bulb.
  
  Report this comment
OniKaze
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 5:04pm
They wondered about the ethics of this as it relates to humans and greed?? Seriously??

Did you need to really give much thought about how humans are greedy and selfish?? REALLY?? Some scholars they are….

EVERYTHING (or I’d guess about 95%+) of what humans do is purely motivated by Greed or selfishness of some level…

It only takes a little honesty with yourself to realize it…

You gave to charity (as example)?? Did you do that because you WANTED to? Or because you want people to think your a “nice” person?? Or because you think God will acknowledge your kindness and look favorably upon you?? THAT (while motivated by a good intention) is STILL Greed…

I know religious people will try to argue this, and say I don’t know anything… But I have spent ALOT of time thinking about this, and when I ask people to REALLY think about WHY they do the things they do, it typically always comes back to making others think well of you, or out of some religious motivation to gain Gods favor…

Pick ANYTHING you do, and ask “why do I do this??” and when you have an answer, then ask, “Why do I care about that??” Keep asking and it will ALWAYS come back to personal benefit.. Physical or spiritual…

Not ALL greed and selfishness is EVIL, but it is ALWAYS there, you just have to dig to find it…

If you can acknowledge your own greed and motivations, you will be closer to accepting what you really are. Most of us are dirtier than we would EVER want t

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- usafaux102
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 5:19pm
  Thank God I have found you! I have been trying for years to explain this concept to people but they either refuse blindly or concoct some incoherant reason it isn’t so. They are simply disingenuois with themselves. Glad I have a cohort out there to share my beliefs. I prefer to seperate things into self intrest and selfishness. Self intrest being the nescessary and unavoidable motivator and selfishness being an out of control false self intrest that is actualy usualy self destructive to one degree or another. I believe that we are created in His image but that He Himself is just like us ( or rather we like Him) in the self intrest regard. He just knows how not to be selfish perfectly.
  
  Report this comment
- Perkins
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 6:01pm
  Well that’s a cute “logical” argument. Unfortunately, your sample is entirely self supporting. If there were a person/people who acted purely altruistically, you would never know because he/she would never even speak to you about it. So the whole “you just have to dig to find it” bit would not apply because you would never have the opportunity to “dig.” Thus your implicit argument is 100% circular. “I have never found an altruistic person because such a person does not exist, and I know such a person does not exist because I have never found one.” Like I said, really cute.
  
  Do some people act generously out of some kind of “self interest”? Absolutely. Do all people act generously for that reason? I don’t know because there is insufficient data to analyze everyone’s heart. Perhaps, then, there are more things in Heaven and Earth, Horatio, than are dreamt of in your philosophy.
  
  Report this comment
- Twobyfour
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 6:39pm
  Greed is not a pure motivator. It can be transformed into something else.
  When included in mortal sins, it is meant as a pure greed, which is an end to itself.
  Envy, on the other hand, is non-transformative. You can’t make envy into something else.
  
  Report this comment
- Max jones
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 6:51pm
  ONIKAZE.et.al……..as always i have a spiritual angle to bloviate. Christian belief tells us that man, as he is naturally, exists as an imperfect being due an ‘original sin’. There is controversy as to the nature of this ‘sin’. We don’t need to discuss that here, but we can see the effect on human nature. We labor under a, cradle to grave, self interest. It has another name….survival instinct.
  Newborns know only sensation and little self awareness, other than self interest. Comfort, discomfort, hunger and satiation, warm, cold etc. Self interest is built in…hard wired. We could not survive without it.
  With age comes a new set of self interests. Puberty proves to each of us that survival is not merely a physical, corporeal endeavor….but a labor of love.
  We are bonded, as we grow, to what we love. To what makes us feel the best. This where ethics and morality come into play.
  Greed is a word that is used to describe desire for wealth in the world proper, and used to describe aquisition of spiritual or intellectual abundance seems to me to be degrading.
  
  Report this comment
- Lordcsmith
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 11:30pm
  That’s a bit silly. It seems to be the rationality of one who is selfish and is attempting to be not selfish but can’t see how he’d gain anything by being unselfish. And then you extoll this as a revolutionary philosophical breakthrough.
  
  History is replete with examples of people who were charitable, because it was the expression of principle, and then they suffered for it. Nobility and character were the things we ascribed to it. People who did what was right because it was right, or what was called righteousness, oftentimes, they got nailed to a piece of wood for it. Because even the religious don’t like righteous men. By comparison they see there own darkness and it is easier to extinguish that light than to emulate it.
  
  Perkins nailed it. There are Jesus’s walking the Earth right now but you would never know because they wouldn’t call themselves that and you are to busy trying to figure why they are doing it instead trying to do it yourself. OR you could just vote for Obama to use the force of government to do it for you, this IS a politics forum.
  
  Report this comment
- RRFlyer
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 10:09am
  First you can’t lump everyone that believes in God as a “religious person” Being a Christian does not make you religious as religion is the outward act. You can be religious and not believe in God at all.
  However, on your point. Christians know they are not perfect and no matter what we do we fall short. As far as why people do good things. Although you may not comprehend it, some people DO feel for others who have problems and want to help them with no selfish motives at all.
  Christians also know that we are not saved by Works, (by the things we do or not do) but are saved by the Grace of God, and because He loves us first, we respond by doing good for others.
  Also if the result of doing good is feeling good, that is not a bad thing.
  
  Report this comment
Couyon64
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:55pm
Call microbial Austin Powers.

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UnGreen
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:52pm
Gold Chloride is a salt of gold. The bacteria is simply digesting the chloride. This is not world shaking. There have been microbes that consume ferric chloride.

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- Perkins
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 6:04pm
  True, the gold already existed, and so no new matter has been created… but, what if this could be leveraged into separating gold from sea water cost efficiently? That would be “world shaking,” especially economically for all those people buying gold as a hedge against inflation =P
  
  Report this comment
- ming70415
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 7:20am
  Nope, although sea water may contain gold chloride in parts per trillion or even per billion it would cost more to extract than it would yield in profit. The concentration of gold chloride in relation to sea water and other elements contained is too high and not cost effective to extract. If it could be done it would be :)
  
  Report this comment
- chips1
  Posted on October 5, 2012 at 9:09pm
  PERKINS:
  It can be seperated by ultra high frequency sound waves and it’s being studied by many people. Not really that far off.
  
  Report this comment
usafaux102
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:38pm
Let me try this again( blaze keeps losing my posts) I am not a RP voter,however, he is right about gold, amongst numerous other things (except maybe foreign policy in toto.) Since the earliest days of commerce,mankind has sought to use some form of money or “trade medium”. Skip ahead many moons and it was learned that gold just so happened to fit all of the criteria of a sound instrument of trade or money. In order for money to be useful, it must posess certain charachteristics; it must be recognizable,portable,durable, uniform, intrinsicly valuable/scarce and or additionaly valuable usefulness as a comodity,and not easily reproducable. It must be trusted by the users far and wide.Monetary script or “bank notes” can be issued when based upon a solid monetary foundation. The more sound the foundation, the more sound the script and thus the economy. When GDP grows,a limited supply of gold can realize added value tied to production expansion. This enable a corresponding expansion of the script to grow the economy while checking price inflation by limiting monetary expansion to match GDP.Gold backed notes can be redeemed during economic periods of uncertainty when the economic players suspect too much monetary inflation or supply threatens to drive up prices too quickly.Thus,the people control monetary inflation and keep out of control politicians from destroying the entire economy by printing valuless notes in attempt to appease their creditors. I’m Not an economist however

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tugdiver
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:32pm
I am pretty sure that gold is the product of Quasars. I can personally Na from NaCl and K from KCL so it isn’t much of a jump to make Au from AuCl. Bacteria or through electrolysis. lol How the hell do you think we plate gold and silver on non precious metals. Why not explain sacrificial metals vs. noble metals. Slap the person that put this article on line.

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- Dr Vel
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 5:27pm
  You are forgetting the suck factor. Quasars have super-massive black holes at their heart so except for energy beams they tend to suck things in not spit them out. Now had you said gold is produced by exploding supernovas I would have tended to agree.
  
  Report this comment
djohn78
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:21pm
I find it really funny that there is a Clorox Bleach ad on the side of this story on bacteria! I wish I could attach a screenshot!

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Madison2012
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:12pm
The bacteria doesn’t make any new gold. It just extracts it and refines it. Alchemy my A$$.

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- Maxim Crux
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:25pm
  Exactly. Gold, “Au” is an metal…an element on the periodic table. If it can make gold…then the whole periodical chart is bogus. however, if it is extracting gold and excreting it, it has to be through some kind of chemical and or electrical process.
  
  Report this comment
suz
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:04pm
perhaps this is how gold is created in the earth? — with that same chemical reaction?

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- Dr Vel
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 5:18pm
  Sorry but gold was produced in dying stars which ceased to be long before our sun was born. Outside of the gold used in spacecraft and launched into space, all the gold the earth has ever contained is still either in it or on it. Now if you can blast neutrons into say mercury, then yes you can actually make the amount of gold increase. Sorry to say however the energy costs are much greater than the value of gold. A no win scenario. Using bacteria to recover gold from it’s various salts and compounds can be done.
  
  Report this comment
JimL
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 3:56pm
No qualm about taking tax dollars to pound bacteria into an art hole.

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PimpleJuice
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 3:54pm
Now they found a way to de-value the gold standard.

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Eastinfection
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 3:52pm
….and in other news: Glenn Beck and George Soros each purchase record breaking quantities of the extremophile bacteria “Cupriavidus metallidurans”.

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Cavallo
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 3:46pm
“The university news release also states that the researchers have questions about the ethics of their findings as it relates to “greed, economy and environmental impact.”

Then quit you spoilt little socialists, try and make it in the private sector selling dandelion seeds.

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- biohazard23
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:26pm
  Heh heh heh…. true that!
  
  Report this comment
- PaxInVeritate
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:37pm
  Hmmm… Dandelion seeds would grow fields of Dandelion plants which produce flowers. Perhaps they could brew Dandelion wine. Could be used to barter when there aren’t any students to teach after the collapse of the economy.
  
  Report this comment
nonofmybiznez
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 3:45pm
Wow, does this mean there is hope? They are actually considering the ethics of their findings as it relates to “greed, economy and environmental impact.”

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MCON29
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 3:44pm
Nothing new, we have a bacteria that can print his own money

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- 762x51
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 3:58pm
  Not a bacteria, a virus. Liberalism is a disease and can only survive by spreading to another area after it has consumed every resource available.
  
  Report this comment
- rrjenn
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:27pm
  Nope, that’s a virus.
  
  Report this comment
VRW Conspirator
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 3:39pm
They are NOT making gold…they are using a bacteria to separate the gold from the chloride in the gold chloride gas. Now this might be great for removing the toxic fumes from gold mines or other areas that naturally or unnaturally produce gold chloride gas but it has no commercial value nor will it make you rich.
If you are in a place that already is producing the toxic gas, this could be a great way of scrubbing the air and getting a little bonus on the back end of being able to harvest more gold from the mine or keep more of your gold already being used in whatever process you have that is making the gold chloride as a side effect. But you can not take this bacteria, put it in a room, and have it crapping out, literally, gold nuggets.

They fed the bacteria a compound that included gold and they only are able to get back out of that as much gold as there already was in the gold chloride gas by weight.
This is not alchemy, they didn’t change anything into anything else, this is just a cheap parlor trick.

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- SUNTZU
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 3:49pm
  Its OKV VVv
  
  Report this comment
- SUNTZU
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 3:52pm
  Its OK..VRW
  Thay also think Progresives came from apes.?
  
  Report this comment
- 762x51
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:08pm
  I agree, gold(Au)79, like all elements heavier than iron(Fe)26, can only be created in a supernova, this is a filtration system, not a creation system.
  
  Report this comment
blackyb
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 3:38pm
That could be called pooping ‘gold brick.’ Sounds like a bunch of bull to me.

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Chronykle
Posted on October 4, 2012 at 3:37pm
And just think people want to jump on the Ron Paul bandwagon and go back to the gold standard. LOL This would be the same as the dollar bill we have now and they would over produce it.

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- usafaux102
  Posted on October 4, 2012 at 4:36pm
  Let me try this again(blaze keeps losing my posts) I am not a RP voter,however, he is right about gold, amongst numerous other things (except maybe foreign policy in toto.) Since the earliest days of commerce,mankind has sought to use some form of money or “trade medium”.Skip ahead many moons and it was learned that gold just so happened to fit all of the criteria of a sound instrument of trade or money. In order for money to be useful, it must posess certain charachteristics; it must be recognizable,portable,durable,uniform, intrinsicly valuable/scarce and or additionaly valuable usefulness as a comodity, and not easily reproducable. It must be trusted by the users far and wide. Monetary script or “bank notes” can be issued when based upon a solid monetary foundation. The more sound the foundation, the more sound the script and thus the economy. When GDP grows, a limited supply of gold can realize added value tied to production expansion. This enable a corresponding expansion of the script to grow the economy while checking price inflation by limiting monetary expansion to match GDP.Gold backed notes can be redeemed during economic periods of uncertainty when the economic players suspect too much monetary inflation or supply threatens to drive up prices too quickly.Thus,the people control monetary inflation and keep out of control politicians from destroying the entire economy by printing valuless notes in attempt to appease their creditors. I’m Not an economist howeve
  
  Report this comment

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