Education

30-Year-Old Teaching Methods Debunked

Were you an auditory or visual learner in school? Did teachers spend most of their time lecturing material or was the more new-age style of visual teaching employed? A new study is about to teach you something new about the type of learner you thought you were. Here’s food for thought: you aren’t either.

For more than 30 years, an industry has been built around the school of thought that the most effective teaching caters to certain learning styles. New reviews of past research from psychologists are stating that we shouldn’t tailor learning to one side or the other, which could cause a bit of a stir. NPR has more:

There are workshops for teachers, products targeted at different learning styles and some schools that even evaluate students based on this theory.

This prompted Doug Rohrer, a psychologist at the University of South Florida, to look more closely at the learning style theory.

When he reviewed studies of learning styles, he found no scientific evidence backing up the idea. “We have not found evidence from a randomized control trial supporting any of these,” he says, “and until such evidence exists, we don’t recommend that they be used.”

Listen to NPR’s report:

Psychologist Dan Willingham at the University of Virginia, as reported by NPR, said it is a mistake to assume a student’s best learning style.

Willingham suggests it might be more useful to figure out similarities in how our brains learn, rather than differences. And, in that case, he says, there’s a lot of common ground. For example, variety. “Mixing things up is something we know is scientifically supported as something that boosts attention,” he says, adding that studies show that when students pay closer attention, they learn better.

According to the study produced by these researchers published in Psychological Science in the Public Interest, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, no less than 71 different learning style models have been developed over the years. But, nearly all of the studies that say they evidence for different learning styles “fail to satisfy key criteria for scientific validity,” and psychological research has not found that people learn differently in the ways the proponents of these models claim.

Comments (141)

  • survivorseed
    Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:19am

    Stupid liberals and their stupid education. We need more conservative approaches to kids learning, you know, toddler beauty pagents, botox for 8 year olds, televised little league world cups etc. As soon as those kids can sit up, they should be making us money.

    Report Post »  
    • Gamaliel
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:38am

      Blaming conservatism for botox, beauty pageants, little league world cups for toddlers? Where the h do you get that idea? Very weird indeed. I associate the aforementioned aberations with ultra whacked out places like California which is Niravan for liberals. When they realized liberalism is hell they move on to the next place and ruin it.

      Report Post »  
    • pattybbb1
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 1:03am

      Lol

      Report Post »  
    • GETLIFE
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 3:28am

      No kidding GAMALIEL. Google “botox” and you get “California.”

      SURVIVORSEED, you are obviously neither “visual” nor “auditory.”

      Report Post » GETLIFE  
  • mitcha_ca_sux
    Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:19am

    Explanation, demonstration and the practical application. It works. For the smart and not so smart. Always has.

    Report Post »  
    • Capitalist Mama
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:50am

      Yup:

      Explanation (auditory), Demonstration (visual), Practical Application (haptic- hands on).

      The problem with this report is that the “theory” is too simplified. The idea is that we all use these three methods to learn: eyes, ears, hands. But some of us rely more on one “style” than another.

      However, the difference is VERY slight. For example, in testing that I used to conduct (for teaching purposes not scientific) a student might score: 35% visual, 33% auditory, and 32% haptic (hands on). That student would be considered visual and we would make an effort to use bright colors and lots of demonstration. The vast majority of students have 30% in all categories, and it’s only that last 10% that shows as a difference. I know that being aware of a child’s slight preference really goes along way. For ex: reading a book helps a visual student more than listening to the story read. Listening helps an auditory learner. Student reading along while the story is read is better yet. It’s a combination.

      Report Post »  
    • pattybbb1
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 1:05am

      haptic=tactile

      Report Post »  
    • loriann12
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 6:14am

      @Capitalist Mama
      That explains why, when trying to figure out the learning style of my oldest son as I homeschooled him, I thought he was all three. I thought there was something wrong with what I did. It sounds like liberals to make things more difficult. At the previous poster…..most conservatives don’t put their toddlers in beauty pagents and give them botox. I‘m 47 and conservative and wouldn’t even do botox for myself, let along a child. I don‘t agree with plastic surgery for children unless it’s to fix something critical like a cleft pallet. I only know of one teen who had breast surgery and it was to minimize, not make bigger. She went from a G to a B.

      Report Post »  
  • Brannigans Law
    Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:13am

    @ conservative teacher…

    I‘m guessing critical thinking isn’t your subject. Your entire rant is nothing but fallacies.

    1. Straw man – “to create the illusion of having refuted a proposition by replacing it with a superficially similar yet unequivalent proposition (the “straw man”), and refuting it, without ever having actually refuted the original position.” Specifically, niether the article nor the research advocated teaching rote memorization instead, but you did a great job of refuting that non-existant argument.

    2. Appeal to ridicule – “presenting the opponent’s argument in a way that makes it appear ridiculous.” For example, the article in no way proposed beating children.

    3. False dichotomy – “two alternative statements are held to be the only possible options, when in reality there are more.” Because the only other option to mixing up the methods is to recreate segregation and force girls to take home economics.

    4. Ad hominem – “attacking the arguer instead of the argument.” Although in this case you decided to employ it from the standpoint that anyone who doesn’t accept your view on the matter must be a “Bible thumping, backwoods hick,” etc.

    Way to school the hicks!

    Report Post » Brannigans Law  
  • YUCON
    Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:12am

    WOW Conservative Teacher is that what you got from that article?

    Maybe you should read it again. I hope you don’t teach any more.

    News flash, our schools are failing and our student cannot keep up to the international community. We are falling behind in science and math which drives the technologies necessary we need. All those “Green Jobs” that the lefties like to promote need the skills set we lack. So where do we find them? Korea, China, India where they thrive on education. Yesterday there was an article about one of those “Green Job” battery plants that had to buy its technology from Korea because we (USA) didn’t have it.

    But our schools are very good a pumping out kids who are PC and very thin skin. You can’t even mark in RED ink because it will hurt their feelings. They are good at teaching about the ‘Green house gas” myth and sex education to minors. What they don’t teach is logic, reasoning, research, thinking for themselves.

    Give me a break.

    Report Post » YUCON  
  • catfanatic1979v1
    Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:00am

    I always learned best by seeing the complex end product (or goal) and trying to work my way backwards in my head before actually beginning basic instruction. The reason? My brain refused to listen if I didn’t know what the class was building towards.

    Report Post »  
  • Dixiewitch13
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:59pm

    What happened to a blended learning approach. Plus they completely eliminated the whole kinesthetic learning style where most people learn by doing. That’s the best way to learn (my opinion and experience as a corporate trainer). Perhaps Confucius put it best when he said “I hear and I forget, I see and I remember, I do and I understand.” What happened to the days when being a teacher was something to be aspired to in order to prepare our young people for their futures. Now it appears that some teachers just want to “teach” so they don’t have to do anything or so they have summers off. With an attitude like that, it’s no wonder our kids are growing up to be lazy, demanding, with feelings of entitlement.

    Report Post » Dixiewitch13  
  • angelcat
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:57pm

    so instead we have colored lights, have them guzzling drinks and eating in class, spending more time pretending to work in ineffective groups, learning to remember little, not even their own addresses and phone numbers because we can’t let the darlings memorize (too boring, too rote), can’t expect them to spell correctly or learn grammar rules but much teach it in “context” (which to many teachers means not teaching it all , sometimes because they themselves never learned it having grown up in the time of whole language. Kids who are motivated can learn in all styles, though some may be more difficult for them than others. The practice in putting in the concentration and effort to do so can do nothing but help them in life.

    Report Post »  
  • Captain Crunch
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:52pm

    Why is it that liberal democrates are unable to learn from the error of their ways? One historical piece of evidence supports the fact that they don’t pay attention attention to detail, because they voted Obama in 08. Ignorance is bliss and the hypenotized never lie.

    Report Post »  
    • Captain Crunch
      Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:55pm

      I’ll write “ hypnotized ” 100 time on the blackboard to assure that I remember.

      Report Post »  
    • Patrick Flynn
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:18am

      Ah ha Captain, you have stumbled upon the most successfully teaching method. Writing on the blackboard before all your peers. Nothing will push a student harder than being required to work out a math problem or diagram a sentence in front of the whole class. Since it is such an excellent method of teaching it is obvious why it is no longer employed. Least we forget the precious self-esteem that might be gained from such an exercise. Oh wait the “experts” say self-esteem will be lost in such methods. I say self-esteem is gained just as it is in baseball, you may strikeout 100 times but that 1 homer will always standout in your mind.

      Report Post »  
  • Dixiewitch13
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:43pm

    That was constructive. NOT!

    Report Post » Dixiewitch13  
  • dontbotherme
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:40pm

    Rote learning works. Many progressives mock this method. Kids have learned nothing of importance or consequence since the “new method” of teaching took over (Teachers’ Unions). We had over 50 kids in my classroom all throughout grade school & the teachers had no problems. We didn’t dare act up. It is time to get back to basics. American students can no longer compete in the world. They have no skills & they have no respect for themselves or any one in authority. I don’t mean to say “ALL” & I have. There is still hope for our society. Children who are in Private Christian Schools or Home Schooled are doing well. It’s time to stop raising idiots. Get back to the basics. Teach the truth.

    Report Post »  
    • angelcat
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:10am

      I taught for 30 years and I agree with you totally. And my students come back to let me know just how well it works. They are grateful I made them learn to spell and the rules of grammar and to understand the Constitution, Declaration and much more. I made them work hard, but they have come to appreciate it.

      Report Post »  
    • Capitalist Mama
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:53am

      Rote learning works when memorization is the goal (math facts, dates, etc…). But I would stress that teachers must teach “why?” before teaching rote facts. Why does 4×4=16? And then memorize that sucker with flash cards and writing and rote memorization.

      Report Post »  
    • beans bullets and bandaids
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 6:50am

      @Capitalist Momma, rote learning works when it is supposed to work. It all starts with rote learning. 1+1=2. A noun is a person, place, or thing. Every sentence starts with a capital letter and ends with punctuation. “Columbus sailed the ocean blue in fourteen hundred and ninety-two.” It’s a foundation in facts.

      This is how the Trivium works. The Trivium model of education has three phases. The three phases of the Trivium are Grammar, Logic, and then Rhetoric. You learn the facts, the “what”, in the Grammar stage. After that you deal with why, and finally you deal with how.

      It’s good to learn the facts by rote, to start. This is the “what”. (That doesn‘t mean kids don’t naturally grasp and “see” why 1+1=2, but that is not the focus or goal. Multiplication tables are *traditionally* covered toward the end of the Grammar stage, when kids are primed for the why.) The why (Logic) and how (Rhetoric) come after the what.

      The Quadrivium follows up with deeper study, relying on the foundation set for learning in the Trivium. Here is where even greater understanding of subjects comes in. The Quadrivium traditionally covers Math, Geometry, Music and Astronomy, but any subject can be successfully studied and learned after the Trivium foundation is laid and its tools are mastered.

      An excellent article on this is the Lost Tools of Learning by Dorothy Sayers. You can find it online.

      Report Post »  
    • angelcat
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 7:48am

      Capitalist mama, I found the opposite to be true. When children are young, they can memorize the information. As they grow older, they either figure out why it works on their own or are taught why it works. As they mature they are more capable of understanding the “why” and much more interested in it and able to use it to learn further. In the lower grades, often the “why” just serves to confuse or can’t be truly understood.

      Report Post »  
    • Capitalist Mama
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:56pm

      As a teacher, I have always found that why is the most important question, even for young children.

      This is my example: 1+1=2
      The first time you teach this to a 4 or 5 year old, you use objects. I have one apple here and one apple there, let’s put the apples together (physically moving the apples or blocks or whatever), and count again. Using manipulatives is discovering why. Using flashcards is rote memorization. I always teach with manipulatives first and then drill with flash cards.

      I am a huge fan of rote memorization, but just that we need to teach logic and problem solving (why?) at every age in every subject.

      Report Post »  
    • Komponist-ZAH
      Posted on August 31, 2011 at 2:12am

      Here’s the essay Beans, Bullets, and Bandaids mentioned:

      http://www.gbt.org/text/sayers.html

      There’s also a book on the Trivium by a Sister Miriam Joseph.

      Report Post »  
  • Cosmos102
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:38pm

    I’m not a teacher, but I do have some knowledge of how our kids are being taught. I’m a parent. When end of grade tests became mandatory, history and science took a back seat. They teach the test. That’s it. They don’t learn how to read by slowly adding new words to the vocabulary list every week anymore. The students are allowed to make up their own spelling. Handwriting isn’t even an issue anymore. I’d say the only subject both my kids were proficient in was math. Their interest in language, reading, history (almost non existent) and Science was never tapped. My son has graduated from College and is a Mechanical Engineer. My daughter is currently attending college with her major in Computer Science. Both Math oriented degrees. I am doing my best to engage them in conversation in both history as well as current events. So far, so good, but I really am shocked at their limited knowledge of this nation’s history. I guess I should be grateful they weren’t indoctrinated by their Comm/Socialist professors. Any teachers reading here, please help support ending the Bush Adminstration’s “No Child Left Behind” Bill. Pres Bush, God Bless him, should have never assigned it to Ted Kennedy or any Democrat to “fix the problems with education”. That was his weakness.

    Report Post » Cosmos102  
  • CHICAGOTHUGBUCKET
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:37pm

    They do not teach English, Grammar or arithmetic any more not to mention any home economics or vocational training. The social studies program developed by socialists was refined at the university
    of Wisconsin Madison and the University of Chicago. Most of us at 45 or older have encountered a better education with a high school diploma than most college level graduates today.
    The Teachers now being called “educators” are very much like the Chinese Re-educators who nudge you into compliance and herd mentality so the Obamas and Buffets can get rich on your stupidity. Your kids are taught how to fit in and recycle or hate people who value things. But they are taught when they need the neighbors things they are owed them this is called demonstrating or community organizing a “Flashmob” so the irony is you should live a secular selfless life until it‘s protest time then you need to learn looting but as long as it is from a capitalist it’s O.K..

    Report Post » CHICAGOTHUGBUCKET  
    • woodyb
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:16am

      And schools today are considered as succeeding when high school graduates can perform at the EIGHTH GRADE LEVEL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

      Report Post »  
  • marjorie faye
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:12pm

    “. . . studies show that when students pay closer attention, they learn better.”

    Well, duh! They needed to do a study to tell us this?????

    Report Post »  
  • crichton
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:07pm

    They’re going to start teaching the way they do news shows. You can’t stay on one topic more than 30 seconds.

    Report Post »  
    • Bluzie
      Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:38pm

      Or tease you with something you show interest in and not touch on the subject until the last 5 minutes of class.

      Report Post »  
  • spirited
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:03pm

    Guess its back to the drawing board.

    >Glenn Beck has done well with them. -No?

    Report Post » spirited  
  • RA0725
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:01pm

    So…..public education has been doing something wrong for over 30 years. I didn’t need a scientific study to tell me that. It’s time for a return to the basics. Abolish the Dept. of Education. Just another big government failure.

    Report Post »  
    • dmforman
      Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:26pm

      The department of education, standards based instruction, and the way that teachers teach. Just look at an eighth grade McGuffy reader, and ask yourself if you’re eighth grader could read and comprehend it. Our kids have had deliberate dumbing down, and it began way before the Department of Education. Look at the psychology of Wundt and those that followed him like Skinner, Thorndike, Dewey, Pavlov, and so many others. Read the book Basics of Education: 1, The Leipzig Connection by Paolo Lionni, and you will understand that our schools have been in demise since the turn of the 19th century and that the wealth of Rockefeller and others helped the movement along. You will also understand why the schools in the South are so much poorer than those of the North. The Civil War and the destruction in the South enabled Rockefeller’s money to be used to set more of these practices here. The North has taken a much slower process to change. Wake up America, your children are being used and aren’t learning a darn thing.

      Report Post »  
    • Ookspay
      Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:56pm

      @DMFORMAN. Dead on analysis. It is never a good idea to let the slaves become too smart. We are all merely slaves to the Govt and global corporations.

      Report Post » Ookspay  
  • spirited
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:00pm

    Show n Tell doesn’t work?

    >Just try 20 questions……It’s really fun.

    Report Post » spirited  
  • Smokey_Bojangles
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 10:57pm

    Indoctrination took over for Education years ago.

    Report Post » Smokey_Bojangles  
    • dmforman
      Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:29pm

      Yup. Charolette Iserbyt is very knowledgeable about this. Google her and read and watch her videos. What an education.

      Report Post »  
  • spirited
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 10:56pm

    Ah ha!, …………show and tell doesn’t work.

    > 20 questions anyone?

    Report Post » spirited  
  • KickinBack
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 10:53pm

    It seems all those kids brought up on “baby einstein” are growing up and well, are hardly Einsteins…

    Report Post » KickinBack  
    • TruthLover
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 2:16am

      What…you mean my baby *can’t* read? I want my money back.

      Report Post » TruthLover  
  • LVMerrily
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 10:50pm

    Public schools are no longer teaching facts – they are teaching political correctness.

    Teachers should never have tenure. They say that way they have freedom in the classroom – Flash: If you need protections in the classroom for what you are saying you shouldn’t say it.

    No mandatory union membership. If you strike or miss work for a strike . . . you’re fired.

    Privative ALL schools, have a STATE voucher system. Eliminate the federal system . . . send education back to the states where parents have an input.

    Pledge the flag. Allow prayers in schools. That doesn’t mean forced participation. Respect differences but teach to the norm. Allow American and individual exceptionalism to be taught.

    Make schools past the 8th grade by MERIT. If they don’t want to be there – get out – and teach to the children who want to learn.

    Report Post »  
  • Steverino
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 10:49pm

    As a former teacher, the MOST important thing one can do is to CAPTURE the student’s attention. Each student is different.
    Your biggest job is to determine what works best for your students, and appeal to them on that level.
    Visual / Auditory? most likely, it will be a hybrid.
    Steve

    Report Post »  
    • wordweaver
      Posted on August 29, 2011 at 11:11pm

      Concur. As a teacher, I always tried to connect one-on-one with each student at the beginning of the year, and that determined the student’s interest level and success more than anything. All of the teachers I worked with tried to present lessons in a way that hit on all of the learning styles. So, this new study would change exactly nothing in the way that I taught.

      Report Post » wordweaver  
    • woodyb
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 12:14am

      As a former LEARNER, I say let the failures fail, be held back a year, more if required, so that when they finish the EIGHTH GRADE they can perform AT THE EIGHTH GRADE LEVEL, not when they graduate from high school!!!!!!!!!!!!!

      Report Post »  
  • capitalismrocks
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 10:49pm

    This is why it baffles me that myself and others my age, taught in schools in the 70‘s seem to have higher intelligence then those in school in the 90’s and 2000′s — basically the schools had to go monkey’ing around with time tested, and proven learning methods – crammed more “fluff” and useless nonsense into the learning day at the expense of standard core education… Its gotten far worse in the last 5 years with schools teaching so much garbage that they have no time for core history, science, math and english… so they answer is, they just make the testing easier, so we graduate children with fake achievements, then when they go into the real world where competition for the best position, the best pay is based on someone being better then others… these new hires fail and they can’t compete in the private sector and wind up being flushed down the levels down to a public sector job where performance and goals are unimportant, where all that matters is you show up, have a heart beat and punch out at the end of the day – mission accomplished, come back again tomorrow to waste time, energy, space and tax payer dollars.

    Report Post » capitalismrocks  
    • SCHEXbp
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 3:45am

      AFAIK SAT scores peaked in 1971. They have been artificially adjusted twice to achieve a new medium or something.
      Two posters mentioned not knowing enough facts (or facts creating confusion), then both went onto other things. Back in Jeopardy’s First Champion of Champions tourney (before one could win 43 times in a row, like Ken Jennings), some law student won out. When asked one thing he observed, he said, “People don’t know enough facts.”
      People educated before WWII think things like Jaywalk are put-ons, but people, even college students, REALLY are that stupid. Their brain is like a roulette wheel that regurgitates whatever vaguely-related square it lands on & their brain only has very incomplete information.
      I just listened to a Ben Stein speech a year or so ago at College of the Ozarks as he recounted hosting VH-1‘s American’s Most Smartest Models. They ended up with 8 males & 8 females. NONE knew what language was spoken in Australia; none could name 5 rivers in the USA & on & on. Later 2 USC grads/models sat with him at lunch. He said he was born in 1944 & it was 2007, but neither could compute his age. He asked what worldwide even was going on in 1944 when he was born & they didn’t know, despite extra guesses with additional info. They did not know whom we fought in the Pacific, despite multiple hints. They did not know who was President then. They only knew 2 Presidents: Reagan & Lincoln – its that roulette wheel thing I mentioned. But they had “heard of”

      Report Post »  
    • MrButcher
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 7:33am

      Comparing American’s Most Smartest Models (I hope you caught the joke in the title) to the general populace of young students is a head scratcher…

      Don’t give up on the kiddos, folks.

      They’re a lot smarter than you think.

      Report Post » MrButcher  
    • SCHEXbp
      Posted on August 30, 2011 at 11:10am

      But do you think ANYONE who graduated college, much less high school, should be this clueless as to the questions Ben brought up? I remember a Jaywalk (obviously cherry-picked, but not made up, I hope), when Stanford was playing Wisconsin (I think it was) in the Rose Bowl – two allegedly brainy schools. Questions were asked that were just as self-evident as the above cited & the same sort of “answers” were received.
      BTW this is NOT a commentary on the BRIGHT students (which we treasure & are all around as); it is one on the general low-level of student that can muddle thru competent colleges & know/retain little of value historically. Paging George Santayana….

      Report Post »  
  • davuf
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 10:47pm

    Its nice to see scattered showers of science. Its amazing how many things get accepted as breakthrough’s in psychology and education based on faulty data that nobody double checks.

    Report Post »  
  • Elena2010
    Posted on August 29, 2011 at 10:42pm

    Ha! Finally someone has the empirical notes to get rid of all these silly ideas professional educators come up with!

    Report Post » Elena2010  
    • Ookspay
      Posted on August 29, 2011 at 10:57pm

      Exactly, LIBERAL educators who have tried all of this touchy feely BS. No red pens when grading papers, Johnny gets sad. No dodgeball or score keeping, poor Jenny really sucks.

      Since Liberals have hijacked the education system our kids are mind numbed dolts! 100 years ago before progressivism ten year old kids were reading Shakespeare, studied latin, knew history and could frame a house on the weekend! Now HS graduates can barely do basic math or write a complete paragraph but man can they play video games. Progress indeed.

      If it weren’t for a very liberal MSM, most of whom are liberal progressives due to the “artsy” nature of their business, Liberal democrats and there crappy ideas would never see the light of day.

      Report Post » Ookspay  

Sign In To Post Comments! Sign In